Zabbix

Zabbix is an open source monitoring system. With Zabbix you can configure monitoring of virtual machines (VM) and other platform entities.

Main components of Zabbix:

• server — the component for managing network services, storing monitoring data, alerting the administrator about problems with equipment. You can use your own Zabbix server or create a VM to perform these functions;
• proxy — the intermediate service that collects data from VMs and sends it to the server. This component is optional. Proxy should be used to reduce the load on the server or if VMs do not have direct access to the server. You can create one or more VMs to act as proxy;
• agent — the software installed on the VM or cluster node. The agent collects monitoring data and transmits it to the server or proxy.

Read more about Zabbix in the official documentation.

Installing Zabbix components

Zabbix is installed on a VM using scripts from the ISPsystem repository. Versions 5.0 LTS, 6.0 LTS, and 6.4 are available for installation. The scripts can be run both when the VM is being created and after it has been created. Read more in Running scripts on the VM.

To install Zabbix on the cluster node, you will need to create an Ansible installation script. Read more in Creating a script for the node.

Server

The system requirements for the Zabbix server depend on the number of devices to be monitored. Read more about system requirements in the official Zabbix documentation.

To install a Zabbix server on a VM:

• version 5.0:
  1. Create a VM with CentOS 7, Ubuntu 20.04 or Debian 10.
  2. Run the Zabbix server script on the VM. Select 5.0 version.
• versions 6.0, 6.4:
  1. Create a VM with AlmaLinux 8, Ubuntu 22.04 or Debian 12.
  2. Run the Zabbix server script on the VM. Select the required version.

The web interface of the server will be available at the URL http://<IP of the created VM>:8080. For example, http://192.168.100.100:8080. To log in, use:

• username — Admin;
• password — zabbix.

Proxy

To install a Zabbix proxy on a VM:

• version 5.0:
  1. Create a VM with CentOS 7, Ubuntu 20.04 or Debian 10.
  2. Run the Zabbix proxy script on the VM. In the parameters, specify the IP address of the Zabbix server and select version 5.0.
• versions 6.0, 6.4:
  1. Create a VM with AlmaLinux 8, Ubuntu 22.04 or Debian 12.
  2. Run the Zabbix proxy script on the VM. In the parameters, specify the IP address of the Zabbix server and select the required version.

Agent

To install a Zabbix agents on a VM:

1. Run the following on the VM:
   • with Linux family OS — Zabbix agent2 linux script;
   • with Windows OS — Zabbix agent2 windows script.
2. Specify in the ZABBIX_SERVER parameter:
   • if you are using a proxy — the IP address of the Zabbix proxy;
   • if you are not using a proxy — the IP address of the Zabbix server.
3. Select Zabbix server version.

To install a Zabbix agents on cluster nodes:

1. Enter Scripts → For nodes → Create script.

2. Create an Ansible script and specify the Zabbix server IP instead of the <zabbix_server> fragment in the Change Server IP and Change Active Server IP sections:

   Script content

   ---
   - name: Install zabbix-agent playbook
     hosts: all
     debugger: on_failed
     tasks:
       - name: Install zabbix-release AlmaLinux 8
         yum:         
           name: https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/6.0/rhel/8/x86_64/zabbix-release-6.0-4.el8.noarch.rpm
           state: present
           disable_gpg_check: yes
           validate_certs: no
         when: ansible_os_family == "RedHat" and ansible_distribution_major_version == "8"
   
       - name: Install zabbix-release CentOS 7
         yum:
           name: https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/6.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-6.0-4.el7.noarch.rpm
           state: present
         when: ansible_os_family == "RedHat" and ansible_distribution_major_version == "7"
   
       - name: Install zabbix release package
         apt:
           deb: https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/6.0/ubuntu/pool/main/z/zabbix-release/zabbix-release_6.0-1+focal_all.deb
         when: ansible_distribution == 'Ubuntu'
   
       - name: Install zabbix-agent2 package
         package:
           name: zabbix-agent2
           state: present
   
       - name: Change Server IP
         lineinfile:
           path: /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.conf
           regexp: 'Server=127.0.0.1'
           line: "Server=127.0.0.1,<zabbix_server>"
   
       - name: Change Active Server IP
         lineinfile:
           path: /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.conf
           regexp: 'ServerActive=127.0.0.1'
           line: "ServerActive=127.0.0.1,<zabbix_server>"
   
       - name: Stop zabbix-agent
         service:
           name: zabbix-agent
           state: stopped
           enabled: no
         ignore_errors: yes
   
   
       - name: Start zabbix-agent2
         service:
           name: zabbix-agent2
           state: started
           enabled: yes
   
       - name: Create a new sudoers file
         file:
           path: /etc/sudoers.d/zabbix
           state: touch
           mode: 0400
           owner: root
   
       - name: Add sudoers
         copy:
           dest: /etc/sudoers.d/zabbix
           content: |
             Defaults:zabbix !requiretty
             Cmnd_Alias ZABBIX_CMD = /usr/bin/virsh -q list, /usr/bin/virsh -q list --all
             zabbix ALL = (root) NOPASSWD: ZABBIX_CMD
   
       - name: Add vmmanager config to zabbix
         file:
           path: /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.d/vmmanager.conf
           state: touch
           mode: 0644
           owner: root
   
       - name: Configure zabbix for VMmanager
         copy:
           dest: /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.d/vmmanager.conf
           content: |
             UserParameter=vm.all,sudo virsh -q list --all | wc -l
             UserParameter=vm.running,sudo virsh -q list | wc -l
   
   

3. Run the script on cluster nodes.

Zabbix server configuration

To configure the Zabbix server, specify proxy configurations and add a VM for monitoring.

Adding proxy configuration

1. Enter Administration → Proxies → Create proxy.
   
2. Specify proxy settings:
   1. Proxy name — discretionary proxy name.
   2. Proxy mode — proxy’s operating mode. Select Passive.
   3. IP address — proxy's IP address.
   4. DNS name — DNS server name. Leave the default value — localhost.
   5. Connect to — connection type. Select IP.
   6. Port — connection port. Leave the default value — 10051.
   7. Description — discretionary proxy description.
      
3. Click Add.

Adding platform monitoring

1. Create a token for authorization in the platform:
   

   curl -k -X POST -H "accept: application/json" -H "Content-Type: application/json" 'https://domain.com/auth/v4/public/token' -d '{"email": "admin_email", "password": "admin_pass"}'

   Comments to the command

   domain.com — domain name or IP address of the server with the platform
   

   admin_email — platform administrator's email

   admin_pass — platform administrator's password

   In response, you will get the message in the form:

   Example of response in JSON

   {
     "confirmed": true,
     "expires_at": null,
     "id": "6",
     "token": "4-e9726dd9-61d9-2940-add3-914851d2cb8a"
   }

   Save the received token value.

   
   

2. Create a token with extended lifetime:

   curl -k -X POST -d '{"description": "Integration with Zabbix", "expires_at": "<expire_time>"}' -H  "accept: application/json" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -H "x-xsrf-token: <token>" "https://domain.com/auth/v4/token"

   Comments to the command

   <expire_time> — expiration time in the format YYYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS. For example, 2025-01-01 00:00:00:00

   <token> — authorization token

   domain.com — domain name or IP address of the server with the platform

   In response, you will get the message in the form:

   Example of response in JSON

   {
     "confirmed": true,
     "expires_at":"2025-01-01 00:00:00",
     "id": "7346",
     "token": "14626-897fd91a-5787-4874-8b26"
   }

   Save the received token value — authorization token with extended lifetime.

3. Download templates from the Zabbix repository:
   • for Zabbix 5.4:
     1. template_vmmanager_6_master.yaml — for platform monitoring.
     2. template_vmmanager_6_kvm_hypervisor.yaml — for cluster nodes monitoring.
   • for Zabbix 6.0:
     1. template_vmmanager_6_master.yaml — for platform monitoring.
     2. template_vmmanager_6_kvm_hypervisor.yaml — for cluster nodes monitoring.
4. Import the downloaded templates into Zabbix: Configuration → Templates → Import → select the template file → Import → Import.
   
5. Enable server monitoring with VMmanager in Zabbix:
   
   1. Enter Configuration → Hosts → Create host.
      
   2. Specify the server parameters:
      
      1. Host name — discretionary name for designation of the server in the Zabbix database.
      2. Visible name — discretionary name for display of the server in the Zabbix database.
      3. Groups — group of objects. Select VMmanager 6.
      4. Interfaces — network interfaces. Click Add → Agent.
      5. IP address — IP address of the server with the platform.
      6. DNS name — DNS server name. Leave the default value empty.
      7. Connect to — connection type. Select IP.
      8. Port — connection port. Leave the default value — 10050.
      9. Description — discretionary VM description.
      10. Monitored by proxy — proxy used. Select the name of the proxy, if you are using one.
      11. Enabled — enable this option to activate the monitoring of this VM.
          
   3. Go to the Templates tab and enter the following in the Link new templates field: Template VMmanager 6 Master.
      
   4. Go to the Macros tab and add macros:
      
      1. {$VM6_TOKEN} — authorization token with extended lifetime.
      2. {$VM6_URL} — URL of the server with the platform in the format https://vm6.example.com/vm/v4, where vm6.example.com is the domain name or the IP address of the server with the platform.
         
   5. Click Add.
6. Enable cluster node monitoring in Zabbix:
   
   1. Enter Configuration → Hosts → select the server with the platform → Discovery.
      

   2. Under Discovery Rules in the Template VMmanager 6 Master: Host discovery line, click Host prototypes.
      

   3. In the Host Prototypes section, enable the Create enabled and Discover options for the server.
      
   4. Enter Monitoring → Hosts → select the server with the platform → Inventory.
      
      
   5. In the Host Inventory section, click Discovery.
      
      
   6. Select the line VMmanager 6 Master: Host discovery → Execute now.
      
      

Zabbix will connect to VMmanager and get a list of cluster nodes to monitor. To have new cluster nodes automatically added to the Zabbix settings, install the Zabbix agent on the nodes.

Adding a certain VM for monitoring

1. Enter Configuration → Hosts → Create host.
   
2. Add the VM settings:
   1. Host name — discretionary name for designation of the VM in the Zabbix database.
   2. Visible name — discretionary name for display of the VM in the Zabbix database.
   3. Groups — group of objects. Select Virtual machines.
   4. Interfaces — network interfaces. Click Add → Agent.
   5. IP address — VM's IP address.
   6. DNS name — DNS server name. Leave the default value empty.
   7. Connect to — connection type. Select IP.
   8. Port — connection port. Leave the default value — 10050.
   9. Description — discretionary VM description.
   10. Monitored by proxy — proxy used. Select the name of the proxy, if you are using one.
   11. Enabled — enable this option to activate the monitoring of this VM.
       
3. Go to the Templates tab and select the template for VM monitoring in the Link new templates field:
   • with Linux family OS - Template OS Linux by Zabbix agent;
   • with Windows OS - Template OS Windows by Zabbix agent.
     
4. Click Add.